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Nazrin Abdul

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Leadership is a quality that transcends mere authority—it is an exceptional skill set that combines vision, foresight, determination, and an unwavering commitment to the welfare of a nation. In the case of Azerbaijan, these attributes have been exemplified in the figure of National Leader Heydar Aliyev, whose contributions to the country’s independence and sovereignty have shaped its modern identity. The article "Constitution and Sovereignty: Fundamental Pillars of Heydar Aliyev's Political Legacy", authored by Samir Nuriyev, Head of the Presidential Administration of the Republic of Azerbaijan, offers a profound reflection on how Aliyev’s leadership not only secured Azerbaijan’s sovereignty but also laid the foundation for its future successes.

The central thesis of Nuriyev’s article posits that Heydar Aliyev’s leadership qualities were instrumental in transforming Azerbaijan’s aspirations for independence into a robust political and economic reality. Nuriyev highlights how Heydar Aliyev’s first term in power, especially during a turbulent period in Azerbaijan’s history, helped instill a strong sense of national pride and independence among the people. Through his decisive actions and visionary leadership, he not only preserved Azerbaijan’s sovereignty but ensured its continuous development, anchoring the nation’s place in the global arena.

The role of strong leadership in national sovereignty

A key analytical point in understanding Azerbaijan's path to sovereignty is recognizing the decisive role that strong leadership plays in the survival of a state in times of crisis. The late 20th century presented Azerbaijan with one of the most challenging periods in its history, with external threats, internal instability, and the collapse of the Soviet Union. It was at this juncture that the presence of a leader like Heydar Aliyev became crucial. His ability to navigate these complex geopolitical and domestic challenges showcased a leader who not only understood the importance of state sovereignty but also had the capability to steer the country through perilous times.

As Nuriyev emphasizes, Azerbaijan's resurgence as an independent state in the 1990s was not a mere result of historical circumstances; it was the direct outcome of a leader who could mobilize national resources, unify the population, and ensure the country’s political independence. Heydar Aliyev’s resilience, honed through years of political experience and unwavering devotion to his country, became the cornerstone of Azerbaijan’s resurgence on the world stage. His leadership went beyond managing immediate crises; it was about setting the trajectory for the future stability and prosperity of the state.

Azerbaijan's transformation into a regional power

Today, Azerbaijan stands as a regional power in the South Caucasus, a position that is a direct legacy of Heydar Aliyev's state-building efforts. Under his leadership and with his strategic foresight, Azerbaijan transitioned from a fragile, post-Soviet state to a confident actor in the international arena. Nuriyev outlines that Azerbaijan has not only solidified its sovereignty but has also established itself as a political and economic center in the Eurasian space. The country’s strategic geopolitical location, coupled with its growing economic influence, has made it an indispensable partner for many nations.

In addition to the obvious political and economic advancements, Azerbaijan has also made remarkable strides in its energy and transport sectors. The country has played a critical role in diversifying energy routes, contributing to global energy security, and shaping the future of regional connectivity. Azerbaijan’s bold stance on key international issues, exemplified by its ability to host major global events such as COP29, is a testament to its growing influence.

Azerbaijan's sovereignty: Garabagh and beyond

One of the most defining aspects of Azerbaijan’s modern sovereignty is its unwavering commitment to restoring its territorial integrity, particularly in the case of Garabagh and Eastern Zangazur. As Nuriyev mentions, Azerbaijan’s success in rebuilding these regions independently, without external assistance, underscores the strength and resilience of its statehood. The creation of modern infrastructure, the return of displaced citizens, and the establishment of thriving communities in these territories are significant milestones in Azerbaijan’s journey towards complete recovery and sovereignty.

The restoration of Garabagh is not only a military and political victory but also an example of how state leadership, under the direction of President Ilham Aliyev, is committed to the long-term peace and development of the region. The completion of vital infrastructure projects and the ongoing resettlement of citizens highlight the government’s determination to build a self-sufficient, stable, and prosperous future for its people. Moreover, the holding of elections in these territories and the symbolic vote of President Ilham Aliyev in Khankendi during the 2024 presidential elections further reaffirm the legal and constitutional sovereignty of Azerbaijan over its entire territory.

In conclusion, the political legacy of Heydar Aliyev has been fundamental in shaping the trajectory of Azerbaijan’s modern statehood. His leadership, defined by vision, determination, and unwavering dedication to his people, ensured Azerbaijan’s sovereignty during the most challenging times in its history. The achievements of Azerbaijan today, from its economic rise to its political influence and territorial integrity, are built upon the foundations that Heydar Aliyev laid down.

Looking forward, the continuity of this legacy under President Ilham Aliyev strengthens Azerbaijan’s position as a powerful and independent actor in the global arena. As Azerbaijan continues to assert its sovereignty, modernize its infrastructure, and contribute to global stability, it remains a testament to the enduring power of strong, visionary leadership. This ongoing development is not merely a continuation of past successes but a testament to the foresight and resilience of a nation led by individuals who have consistently demonstrated the core qualities of true leadership—wisdom, determination, and an unshakable commitment to the prosperity and independence of the Azerbaijani people.